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Periodic Laws: Newlands (Chemical Society Report) and Mendeleev

Chemical Society Proceedings. Report on Newland’s Law of Octaves. (1866) …Mr. JOHN A. R. NEWLANDS read a paper entitled  The Law of Octaves, and the Causes of Numerical Relations among the Atomic Weights.  The author claims the discovery of a law according to which the elements analogous in their properties exhibit peculiar relationships, similar to those subsisting in music between a note and its octave. Starting from the atomic weights on Cannizzaro’s system, the author arranges the known elements in […]

Hooke, Newton, and Voltaire

Robert Hooke (1635-1703), Micrographia.[1] This book primarily addresses Hooke’s investigations with the microscope, but it includes a few pages on the telescope as well. [By means of a glass in October of 1664, I studied the surface of the moon.] On it I perceived several kinds of pits, which are shaped almost like a dish, some bigger, some less, some shallower, some deeper, each a hollow Hemisphere, encompassed with a round rising bank, as if the substance in the middle […]

Mathematica – Calculus Lab

Introduction                   In this lab we will use Mathematica to perform many mathematical operations. We will further expand our knowledge of vectors by using the Mathematica program. This program will allow us to demonstrate the properties of dot products versus cross products. The purpose of the lab allows for us to become familiar with the numerous commands of Mathematica. These commands include NSolve[], Integrate[], Simplify[], and many more. We will also be able to use and apply Mathematica’s graphing capabilities. […]

Quantum Chemical Models of Electronic Transitions of Conjugated Dyes

By: Brittany Schaum Abstract                   UV-Vis spectroscopy was used to determine the energy of transition, △E  , from the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of several cationic dyes. Each dye contains a conjugated, hydrocarbon π system with nitrogens at each end, which act as potential barriers for the π electrons in these systems. In this experiment, we have treated each dye as a one-dimensional “particle in a box” in order to simplify the […]