The Role and Nucleophilicity of Chloride and Bromide Nucleophiles in Both Sn1 and Sn2 Substitution Reactions with Tert-Butanol and 1-Butanol By: Rachel Wolfson*, Louis Kuo, Lisa Holmes, Luciano Santino, Cooper Jamieson ABSTRACT The purpose of this experiment is to determine the relative nucleophilicities of chloride and bromide in both an Sn1 and Sn2 reaction. It also investigates rate law kinetics and solvent effects. Tert-butanol and 1-butanol were reacted separately with equal mixtures of the nucleophiles in order to facilitate both […]
Identification of an Unknown Carbonyl By: Stacey Walker Abstract The 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPH) and semicarbazone derivatives of the unknown carbonyl are synthesized and their melting points are obtained. The infrared (IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and boiling range of the liquid unknown is obtained. Based on boiling point and infrared and proton nuclear magnetic resonance, the derivative is 2,4-pentanedione. Introduction In this experiment, the 2,4-dinitrohenylhydrozine (2,4-DNPH) and semicarbazone derivatives of an unknown carbonyl (#55) is synthesized. The melting range […]
EXTRACTION OF BENZOIC ACID By: Berry Begg Abstract: The experimental goal and purpose for this experiment was to use the primary extraction techniques to separate benzoic acid from a mixture containing cellulose, a natural polymer of glucose, and methyl orange. A new technique utilized during this experiment was extraction. The overall results were skewed because of error during the lab like not allowing the crystals to properly dry. Introduction: This experiment required the extraction of benzoic acid from a mixture of […]
Transforming Bengay into Aspirin Chemical Reaction Equation Introduction The goal of this experiment is to transform bengay into acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). This process consists of 1) isolating methyl salicylate from the rest of the ointment, 2) hydrolyzing methyl salicylate, and 3) reacting the salicylic acid with acetic anhydride to form acetylsalicylic acid. Methyl salicylate and menthol are extracted by methanol because the other inactive compounds are not soluble in it. The former is then isolated through acid-base extraction since […]
Formation of Microtornadoes, Microgeysers, and Liesegang Banding Patterns from HCl-NH3 Nanoparticulate, Topochemically Arranged Experimental Systems Abstract: In this report, we will analyze the mechanisms by which various micro-structures form, from diffusion to the formation of a reaction front and to convection. The nucleation to growth theory will also be discussed using the HCl-NH3 nanoparticulate experimental system to better understand how aerosols chemically function in the atmosphere. The experiments outlined in a series of papers published by Dr. Stephen Thompson […]
The Preparation of Nickel(II) Complexes: Linkage Isomers By: Trinidad Reyes Introduction The purpose of the nickel (II) complex: linkage isomers experiment was to investigate how the ambidentate properties of the NO2 ligand behave when it is bonded to a nickel atom with respect to its place in the spectrochemical series. The NO2 ligand can be classified as an ambidentate ligand because this ligand contains more than one potential donor atom. Nitrogen and oxygen are considered donor atoms because due elements […]
