VIBRATION-ROTATION SPECTROSCOPY OF HCl By: John Ricely Abstract Using the Nicolet 6700 spectrometer, the spectrum for HCl was analyzed. There were two branches that were apparent in the result of the spectroscopy, the R branch and the P branch, that correspond to ∆J= +1 and ∆J= -1, respectively. Each peak, differentiating between 35Cl and 37Cl, is assigned an m value and then plotted with wavenumber vs. m value. Analytical software is used to derive an equation of the line […]
The Determination of Copper in Pennies By: Brooke Carmack Abstract: The percent composition of copper was analyzed for both pre and post 1982 pennies. This was determined by iodometric titration analysis. 1.0 Introduction: In this experiment, two pennies were analyzed. One of the pennies was pre-1982 while the other was post 1982. This was performed due to the change in the amount of copper used for pennies after 1982. Pennies before 1982 were made to contain 95% copper and […]
Acid protonates Converts strong base into weak base (bad to good leaving group) Water departs forming C+ (rate determining) Major product is the most substituted (stable) alkene Tertiary is the easiest to dehydrate because of their C+ The cation is a secondary cation. It can rearrange to a tertiary (our best friend) to retain a stable charge Thus rearranging to a more stable product. The product above forms abour 2.99% of the time. The E2 and SN2 dehydration of primary […]
Synthesis of Ruthenium(II) and Molybdenum(V) using dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as a ligand By: Cooper Semple and Nathaniel Hurd Abstract– In this experiment two compounds tetrakis(dimethylsulfoxide)dichlororuthenium(II) and dichlorodioxobis(dimethylsulfoxide)molybdenum(VI) were synthesized using dimethylsulfoxide as the ligands. This was performed by adding DMSO to RuCl3(H2O)3 as well as to MoO3 then by heating and finally vacuum filtration to collect our final products. We concluded that both compounds were made correctly with few impurities as well as how each metal was bonded to DMSO. This […]
Synthesis of Malachite and Verdigris By: Alyssa Brunal OBJECTIVE To perform synthetic reactions as provided in a primary journal article, provide a complete reference citation using EndNote, document observations of chemical reactions, determine if data is quantitative or qualitative, and separate a precipitate using gravity and vacuum filtration. EXPERIMENTAL METHOD Materials All materials required for this experiment were provided by the Virginia Tech Department of Chemistry. Synthesis MALACHITE Part A: Creation of Malachite Mixture The Malachite mixture was made by […]
Synthesis of Aspirin and Flavoring Esters By: Leah Warkel and Matt Glattfelder Introduction An ester is an organic compound that is formed by combining a carboxylic acid and an alcohol.1 It has the general formula R-CO-OR’.2 If an alcohol undergoes a condensation reaction, an ester is formed. This is reversible however, so if an ester undergoes hydrolysis, an alcohol is formed.1 A condensation reaction is when a molecule combines with another molecule to produce a larger molecule and a smaller […]
